Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD): Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Treatment
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) is a mental health condition triggered by experiencing or witnessing a traumatic event. While many people who go through traumatic events may struggle temporarily, most recover with time and self-care. However, if symptoms persist for months or years, interfere with daily life, and cause significant distress, PTSD may be diagnosed.
PTSD can affect anyone who has experienced trauma, including survivors of combat, accidents, abuse, or other life-threatening events. It can also occur in individuals who learn about severe trauma experienced by someone close to them. PTSD is not diagnosed for everyday stressors, such as divorce, illness, or grief.
Symptoms of PTSD
PTSD symptoms typically begin within one month of the traumatic event but can sometimes emerge years later. Symptoms are grouped into four categories:
- Recurrent, distressing memories of the event.
- Flashbacks, where the person feels as though the event is happening again.
- Upsetting dreams or nightmares about the trauma.
- Severe emotional or physical reactions to reminders of the event.
- Avoiding thoughts, feelings, or conversations about the trauma.
- Staying away from places, people, or activities that trigger memories of the event.
- Inability to recall important aspects of the trauma.
- Negative beliefs about oneself, others, or the world (e.g., “I am bad,” “The world is dangerous”).
- Distorted thoughts about the cause or consequences of the event, leading to self-blame or guilt.
- Difficulty experiencing positive emotions.
- Feeling emotionally numb or detached from others.
- Struggling to maintain close relationships.
- Hypervigilance (being constantly on edge).
- Exaggerated startle response.
- Difficulty concentrating.
- Sleep disturbances (e.g., insomnia). Overwhelming guilt or shame.
- Irritability, anger outbursts, or aggressive behaviour.
- Self-destructive behaviours, such as excessive drinking or reckless driving.
Diagnosis of PTSD in the UK
PTSD is diagnosed when:
- Symptoms persist for more than one month.
- Symptoms cause significant distress or impair daily functioning.
- Symptoms are not due to substance use, medication, or another medical condition.
Treatment Options Based on NICE Guidelines
The National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) provides evidence-based recommendations for treating PTSD. Treatment options include:
1. Psychological Therapies:
- ✔ Trauma-Focused Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT): the first-line treatment for PTSD. It helps individuals process the trauma and change negative thought patterns.
- ✔ Eye Movement Desensitisation and Reprocessing (EMDR): a therapy that uses eye movements to help reprocess traumatic memories.
- ✔ Cognitive Processing Therapy (CPT): focuses on challenging and modifying unhelpful beliefs related to the trauma.
2. Medication:
- ✔ Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRIs): first-line medications for PTSD (e.g., sertraline, paroxetine).
- ✔ Serotonin-Noradrenaline Reuptake Inhibitors (SNRIs): alternative to SSRIs (e.g., venlafaxine).
- ✔ Medication is typically combined with psychological therapy for moderate to severe PTSD.
3. Self-Help and Support:
- ✔ Guided self-help materials based on CBT principles.
- ✔ Support groups for individuals affected by PTSD.
4. Specialist Services:
- ✔ Referral to specialist trauma services for complex or treatment-resistant PTSD.
How New Healing Solutions Clinic (NHSC) Can Help
At New Healing Solutions Clinic (NHSC), we provide expert assessment and evidence-based treatment for PTSD, following NICE guidelines. Our services include:
Accurate Assessment and Diagnosis:
- Comprehensive evaluation using NHS-recommended tools.
- Identification of individual needs and treatment goals.
Personalised Treatment Plans:
- Trauma-focused CBT, EMDR, medication, and lifestyle recommendations tailored to each individual.
- Regular follow-ups to monitor progress and adjust treatment as needed.
Confidential Care:
- Your privacy is our priority. All consultations are strictly confidential.
Take the First Step Toward Recovery
If you or a loved one is struggling with PTSD symptoms, don’t wait to seek help. Contact New Healing Solutions Clinic (NHSC) today for an expert assessment and personalised treatment plan. Begin your journey to improved mental health and well-being.
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